Abubuwan da ake amfani da su don yin gilashi sun haɗa da kusan 70% yashi tare da takamaiman cakuda soda ash, farar ƙasa da sauran abubuwa na halitta - dangane da abin da ake so a cikin tsari.
Lokacin kera gilashin soda lemun tsami, dakakken, gilashin da aka sake yin fa'ida, ko cullet, shine ƙarin maɓalli mai mahimmanci. Adadin cullet ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin rukunin gilashin ya bambanta. Cullet yana narkewa a ƙananan zafin jiki wanda ke rage yawan kuzari kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin albarkatun ƙasa.
Gilashin Borosilicate bai kamata a sake yin fa'ida ba saboda gilashin da ke jure zafi. Saboda kaddarorin da ke jure zafi, gilashin borosilicate ba zai narke a daidai zafin jiki kamar gilashin Soda Lime ba kuma zai canza dankon ruwan da ke cikin tanderun lokacin sake narkewa.
Dukkanin kayan da ake amfani da su don yin gilashi, gami da cullet, ana adana su a cikin gidan batch. Sannan ana ciyar da su a cikin wurin aunawa da haɗawa kuma a ƙarshe an ɗaga su zuwa manyan hoppers waɗanda ke ba da tanderun gilashi.
Hanyoyin Samar da Kwantenan Gilashin:
Gilashin busa kuma ana kiranta da gilashin da aka ƙera. A cikin ƙirƙirar gilashin da aka busa, ana tura gobs na gilashin zafi daga cikin tanderun zuwa na'urar gyare-gyare da kuma cikin ramuka inda ake tilasta iska don samar da wuyansa da siffar akwati gaba ɗaya. Da zarar an yi su, ana kiran su da sunan Parison. Akwai matakai guda biyu daban-daban don ƙirƙirar akwati na ƙarshe:
Hanyoyin Ƙirƙirar Gilashin Gilashin
Tsarin Busa da Busa - Ana amfani da iska mai matsewa don samar da gob ɗin zuwa parison, wanda ke tabbatar da gama wuyan kuma yana ba gob ɗin siffa iri ɗaya. Daga nan sai a jujjuya gunkin zuwa wancan gefen na'urar, sannan a yi amfani da iska wajen hura ta zuwa siffar da ake so.
Latsa kuma Tsarin Bugawa- ana shigar da plunger da farko, iska sannan ta biyo baya don samar da gob ɗin zuwa parison.
A wani lokaci ana amfani da wannan tsari don kwantena masu faɗin baki, amma tare da ƙari na Tsarin Taimako na Vacuum, yanzu ana iya amfani da shi don aikace-aikacen kunkuntar bakin kuma.
Ƙarfi da rarrabawa shine mafi kyawunsa a cikin wannan hanyar samar da gilashin kuma ya ba da damar masana'antun su "nauyi" abubuwa na kowa kamar kwalabe na giya don adana makamashi.
Kwantena - komai tsari, da zarar an samar da kwantenan gilashin da aka hura, ana ɗora kwantena a cikin Annealing Lehr, inda za'a dawo da zafin su zuwa kusan 1500 ° F, sannan a rage a hankali zuwa ƙasa da 900 ° F.
Wannan sakewa da jinkirin sanyaya yana kawar da damuwa a cikin kwantena. Idan ba tare da wannan mataki ba, gilashin zai iya rushewa cikin sauƙi.
Jiyya na Surface - Ana amfani da magani na waje don hana abrading, wanda ya sa gilashin ya fi dacewa da karyewa. Rubutun (yawanci polyethylene ko tin oxide tushen cakuda) ana fesa a kai kuma yana amsawa a saman gilashin don samar da murfin tin oxide. Wannan suturar tana hana kwalabe manne da juna don rage karyewa.
Ana amfani da murfin Tin oxide azaman maganin ƙarshen zafi. Don maganin ƙarshen sanyi, ana rage zafin kwantena zuwa tsakanin 225 da 275 ° F kafin aikace-aikacen. Ana iya wanke wannan sutura. Ana amfani da magani na Ƙarshen zafi kafin aikin annealing. Jiyya da aka yi amfani da ita a cikin wannan salon yana amsawa da gilashin, kuma ba za a iya wanke shi ba.
Jiyya na ciki - Jiyya na Fluorination na ciki (IFT) shine tsarin da ke sanya gilashin Nau'in III zuwa gilashin Nau'in II kuma ana shafa shi akan gilashin don hana fure.
Ingancin Ingancin - Binciken Ingancin Ƙarshen zafi ya haɗa da auna nauyin kwalba da duba ma'aunin kwalabe tare da ma'aunin ba-tafi. Bayan barin ƙarshen lehr sanyi, kwalabe sai su wuce ta na'urorin bincike na lantarki waɗanda ke gano kuskure ta atomatik. Waɗannan sun haɗa da, amma ba'a iyakance su zuwa: Binciken kaurin bango, gano lalacewa, bincike mai girma, duban ƙasa, duba bangon gefe da duban tushe.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-29-2019