Lalacewar Gilashin

Nakasar gani (tabon tukunya)

Nakasar gani, wanda kuma aka sani da “ko da tabo”, ƙaramin juriya ne guda huɗu a saman gilashin. Siffar sa santsi ne kuma zagaye, tare da diamita na 0.06 ~ 0.1mm da zurfin 0.05mm. Irin wannan lahani na tabo yana lalata ingancin gilashin kuma yana sanya hoton abin da aka gani yayi duhu, don haka ana kiransa "madaidaicin giciye mai haske".

Lalacewar nakasar gani an fi haifar da su ta hanyar haɗaɗɗun SnO2 da sulfides. Ana iya narkar da oxide mai ƙarfi a cikin ruwa kuma yana da babban juzu'i, yayin da sulfide mai ƙarfi ya fi canzawa. Turin su yana takushe kuma a hankali yana taruwa a ƙananan zafin jiki. Lokacin da ya taru zuwa wani matsayi, a ƙarƙashin tasiri ko girgizar iska, daɗaɗɗen oxide ko sulfide mai banƙyama zai faɗo a saman gilashin wanda bai taurare ba kuma ya haifar da lahani. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan mahadi na gwangwani kuma za a iya rage su zuwa gwangwani na ƙarfe ta hanyar rage abubuwan da ke cikin iskar kariya, kuma ɗigon gwangwani na ƙarfe zai haifar da lahani a cikin gilashin. Lokacin da mahadi na gwangwani su zama aibobi a saman gilashin a yanayin zafi mai zafi, ƙananan ramuka za su kasance a saman gilashin saboda jujjuyawar waɗannan mahadi.

Babban hanyoyin da za a rage lahanin nakasar gani shine don rage gurɓataccen iskar oxygen da gurɓataccen sulfur. Gurbacewar iskar oxygen ya fi zuwa daga gano iskar oxygen da tururin ruwa a cikin iskar kariya da zub da iskar oxygen da watsawa zuwa gap ɗin kwano. Ana iya narkar da Tin oxide a cikin tin ruwa kuma a canza shi zuwa iskar kariya. Oxide a cikin iskar kariyar yana sanyi kuma yana taruwa a saman murfin wanka na kwano kuma ya faɗi saman gilashin. Gilashin da kansa kuma yana haifar da gurɓataccen iskar oxygen, wato iskar oxygen ɗin da ke cikin ruwan gilashin zai tsere a cikin bath ɗin kwano, wanda kuma zai sanya oxidize da tin ɗin ƙarfe, kuma tururin ruwan da ke saman gilashin zai shiga filin wankan kwano. , wanda kuma yana ƙara yawan iskar oxygen a cikin iskar.

Gurbacewar sulfur ita ce kaɗai aka kawo a cikin wankan kwano ta gilashin narkakkar lokacin da ake amfani da nitrogen da hydrogen. A saman saman gilashin, hydrogen sulfide yana fitowa a cikin iskar gas a cikin nau'in hydrogen sulfide, wanda ke amsawa da tin don samar da sulfide mai ban mamaki; A kan ƙasan gilashin, sulfur yana shiga cikin tin ruwa don samar da sulfide mai ban mamaki, wanda ke narke a cikin tin na ruwa kuma ya canza zuwa iskar kariya. Hakanan yana iya tattarawa kuma ya taru a ƙasan saman murfin wanka na kwano sannan ya faɗi saman gilashin don samar da tabo.

Sabili da haka, don hana faruwar lahani da ke akwai, ya zama dole a yi amfani da iskar garkuwa mai ƙarfi don tsabtace condensate na oxidation da sulfide sub ma'aurata a saman kwano wanka don rage nakasar gani.

Scratch (abrasion)

Karce a saman kafaffen matsayi na farantin na asali, wanda ke bayyana ci gaba ko ta ɗan lokaci, ɗaya ne daga cikin lahani na bayyanar farantin na asali kuma yana shafar aikin hangen nesa na farantin na asali. Ana kiran shi karce ko karce. Wani lahani da aka samu akan saman gilashin ta hanyar shafe abin nadi ko kaifi. Idan karce ya bayyana a saman saman gilashin, yana iya kasancewa saboda waya mai dumama ko thermocouple da ke faɗowa a kan kintinkirin gilashin da ke bayan rabin wankan kwano ko a ɓangaren sama na murhun wuta; Ko kuma akwai gini mai wuya kamar fashewar gilashi tsakanin farantin ƙarshen baya da gilashin. Idan karce ya bayyana a ƙasan ƙasa, ana iya karya gilashin ko wasu prisms masu makale tsakanin farantin gilashin da ƙarshen bath ɗin tin, ko bel ɗin gilashin yana shafa ƙarshen mashin ellipsoid na tin saboda ƙarancin kanti ko ƙarancin matakin ruwa na gwangwani, ko kuma akwai gilashin da ya karye a ƙarƙashin bel ɗin gilashi a farkon rabin na cirewa, da dai sauransu. Babban matakan kariya na irin wannan lahani shine a akai-akai tsaftace abin hawa don kiyaye saman abin nadi mai laushi; Menene ƙari, sau da yawa ya kamata mu tsaftace gilashin gilashi da sauran tarkace a saman gilashin don rage raguwa.

Ƙarƙashin ƙasa shine karce a saman gilashin da ke haifar da gogayya lokacin da watsawa ke cikin hulɗa da gilashin. Irin wannan lahani yana faruwa ne ta hanyar gurɓatawa ko lahani a saman abin nadi, kuma tazarar da ke tsakanin su kewayen abin nadi ne kawai. Karkashin na'urar gani da ido, kowane karce yana kunshe da dozin zuwa ɗaruruwan ƙananan fashe-fashe, kuma fage na ramin yana da siffar harsashi. A lokuta masu tsanani, tsagewa na iya bayyana, har ma ya sa farantin asali ya karye. Dalili kuwa shine tsayawa ko gudun abin nadi ba daidaitacce ba, nakasar abin nadi, goge saman abin nadi ko gurɓata. Maganin shine a gyara teburin abin nadi a kan lokaci kuma a cire datti a cikin tsagi.

Tsarin axial kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin lahani na saman gilashin, wanda ke nuna cewa saman farantin na asali yana ba da tabo na indentation, wanda ke lalata ƙasa mai santsi da watsa haske na gilashi. Babban dalilin ƙirar axle shine cewa farantin asali ba ta da ƙarfi sosai, kuma abin nadi na asbestos yana cikin hulɗa. Lokacin da irin wannan lahani ya yi tsanani, zai kuma haifar da tsagewa kuma ya sa farantin asali ya fashe. Hanyar kawar da tsarin axle shine ƙarfafa sanyi na farantin asali da kuma rage yawan zafin jiki.