Masana a gida da waje suna da ra'ayi daban-daban kan asalin gilashin a kasar Sin. Daya ita ce ka'idar halittar kai, daya kuma ita ce ka'idar kasashen waje. Bisa bambance-bambancen da ke akwai da fasahar kera gilashin daga daular Zhou ta Yamma da aka tono a kasar Sin da na yammacin duniya, da kuma la'akari da yanayin da ya dace wajen narkar da kayan kwalliya na asali da tagulla a wancan lokacin, ka'idar kai. Halittar ta tabbatar da cewa gilashin da ke kasar Sin ya samo asali ne daga glaze na asali na asali, tare da tokar shuka a matsayin juzu'i, kuma abun da ke cikin gilashin shine tsarin alkali calcium silicate, Abubuwan da ke cikin potassium oxide ya fi na sodium oxide, wanda ya bambanta da na d ¯ a Babila da Masar. Daga baya, gubar oxide daga yin tagulla da alchemy an shigar da su cikin gilashi don samar da wani abun da ke ciki na musamman na gubar barium silicate. Duk waɗannan suna nuna cewa mai yiwuwa China ta yi gilashi ita kaɗai. Wani ra'ayi kuma shi ne cewa tsohon gilashin kasar Sin an mika shi ne daga kasashen yamma. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike da inganta shaida.
Daga shekara ta 1660 BC zuwa shekara ta 1046 BC, fasaha na zamani na zamani da na zamani sun bayyana a daular Shang. Yanayin zafin wuta na farantin faranti da zafin narkewar tagulla sun kai 1000C. Ana iya amfani da irin wannan kiln don shirya yashi mai kyalli da yashi gilashi. A tsakiyar daular Zhou ta Yamma, an yi ƙullun yashi mai ƙyalƙyali da bututu a matsayin kwaikwayi na jaɗe.
Yawan yashi mai kyalli da aka yi a farkon bazara da lokacin kaka ya zarce na daular Zhou ta Yamma, an kuma inganta matakin fasaha. Wasu beads ɗin yashi masu ƙyalƙyali sun riga sun kasance cikin iyakar yashin gilashi. A lokacin Jihohin Warring, ana iya yin samfuran farko na gilashi. An tono guda uku na gilashin shuɗi a kan al'amarin takobin Fu Chai, sarkin Wu (495-473 BC), da guda biyu na gilashin shuɗi mai haske da aka tono akan takobin Gou Jian, sarkin Yue (496-464 BC). Za a iya amfani da sarkin Chu, a lardin Hubei a matsayin shaida. Gilashin guda biyu na kan takobin Gou Jian mutanen Chu ne suka yi a tsakiyar lokacin yakin basasa ta hanyar zube; Gilashin a kan akwati na takobi na Fucha yana da babban nuna gaskiya kuma ya ƙunshi silicate na calcium. Copper ions sanya shi blue. An kuma yi shi a lokacin Jihohin Warring.
A cikin shekarun 1970s, an gano wani katakon gilashin da aka sanye da gilashin soda lemun tsami (Dragonfly eye) a cikin kabarin uwargida Fucha, sarkin Wu a lardin Henan. Abubuwan da ke ciki, siffar da kayan ado na gilashi suna kama da na kayayyakin gilashin yammacin Asiya. Masanan cikin gida sun yi imanin cewa daga Yamma aka kawo shi. Saboda Wu da Yue yankunan bakin teku ne a lokacin, ana iya shigo da gilashin zuwa kasar Sin ta teku. Bisa ga gilashin kwaikwayon Jade Bi da aka tono daga wasu ƙanana da matsakaitan kaburbura a lokacin yaƙi da pingminji, za a iya ganin cewa mafi yawancin gilashin an yi amfani da su ne don maye gurbin kayan da ake amfani da su na Jad a lokacin, wanda ya inganta ci gaba da ci gaba. masana'antar kera gilashin a jihar Chu. Akwai akalla yashin kyalkyali iri biyu da aka gano daga kaburburan Chu a Changsha da Jiangling, wadanda suke kama da yashin kyalkyali da aka gano daga kaburburan Zhou na Yamma. Ana iya raba su zuwa tsarin siok2o, SiO2 - Cao) - Na2O tsarin, SiO2 - PbO Bao tsarin da SiO2 - PbO - Bao - Na2O tsarin. Ana iya hasashen cewa, fasahar yin gilashin mutanen Chu ta bunkasa bisa tushen daular Zhou ta Yamma. Da farko dai, yana amfani da tsarin saiti iri-iri, kamar tsarin tsarin gilashin harsashin birarrun barum, wasu masana sun yi imani cewa wannan tsarin tsarin halatta ne a China. Abu na biyu, a cikin hanyar samar da gilashin, ban da ainihin hanyar sintering, ya kuma haɓaka hanyar yin gyare-gyare daga yumbun yumbu da tagulla, don kera bangon gilashi, kan takobin gilashi, shaharar takobin gilashi, farantin gilashi, 'yan kunne gilashi. da sauransu.
A zamanin Bronze na ƙasarmu, an yi amfani da hanyar yin simintin gyare-gyare don yin tagulla. Sabili da haka, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da wannan hanya don yin samfuran gilashi tare da siffofi masu rikitarwa. Dabbar gilashin da aka tono daga kabarin sarki Chu a Beidongshan, Xuzhou, ya nuna yiwuwar hakan.
Daga nau'ikan gilashin, fasahar masana'anta da ingancin samfuran kwaikwaiyo, zamu iya ganin cewa Chu ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin masana'antar gilashin da.
Tsawon karni na 3 BC zuwa karni na 6 BC shine Daular Han ta Yamma, daular Han ta Gabas, da Wei Jin da daular kudu da Arewa. Kofuna na gilashin koren Emerald da kofunan kunne na gilashi da aka gano a lardin Hebei a farkon daular Han ta Yamma (kimanin 113 BC) an samo su ta hanyar gyare-gyare. Gilasai, namomin jeji da gilasai daga kabarin sarkin Chu a daular Han ta Yamma (128 BC) an gano su a Xuzhou na lardin Jiangsu. Gilashin kore ne kuma an yi shi da gilashin barium na gubar. Yana da launi da jan karfe oxide. Gilashin ba shi da kyau saboda crystallization.
Masu binciken kayan tarihi sun gano mashin gilasai da tufafin Jade na gilashi daga kaburburan daular Han ta tsakiya da kuma marigayiya. Girman mashin gilashin shuɗi mai haske yana ƙasa da na gilashin barium na gubar, wanda yayi kama da na gilashin soda lemun tsami, don haka ya kamata ya kasance cikin tsarin haɗin gilashin soda lemun tsami. Wasu suna tunanin cewa daga yamma aka bullo da shi, amma siffarsa ta kasance kama da na mashin tagulla da aka tono a wasu yankunan kasar Sin. Wasu masana tarihin gilashin suna tunanin cewa ana iya yin shi a China. Allunan gilashin Yuyi an yi su ne da gilashin barium na gubar, mai jujjuyawa, da gyare-gyare.
Daular Han ta Yamma ta kuma yi bangon gilashin hatsi mai launin shudi mai nauyin kilogiram 1.9 da girman 9.5cm × Dukansu gilashin barium silicate ne na gubar. Wadannan sun nuna cewa masana'antar gilashi a daular Han ta kasance a hankali daga kayan ado zuwa kayan aiki masu amfani kamar gilashin lebur, kuma an sanya su a kan gine-gine don hasken rana.
Masanan Jafananci sun ba da rahoton samfuran gilashin farko da aka gano a Kyushu, Japan. Haɗin samfuran gilashin daidai yake da na samfuran gilashin barium na gubar na jihar Chu a zamanin Warring States da farkon daular Han ta Yamma; Bugu da kari, ma'aunin gubar dalma na gilashin tubular da aka tono a kasar Japan daidai yake da wadanda aka tono a kasar Sin a zamanin daular Han da kuma kafin daular Han. Gilashin barium na gubar wani tsari ne na musamman a tsohuwar kasar Sin, wanda zai iya tabbatar da cewa an fitar da wadannan tabarau daga kasar Sin. Masana ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi na kasar Sin da Japan sun kuma yi nuni da cewa, kasar Japan ta kera gilashin gouyu da kayan ado na bututun gilasai masu halaye na kasar Japan ta hanyar yin amfani da tubalan gilashi da bututun gilashin da ake fitarwa daga kasar Sin, lamarin da ke nuni da cewa akwai cinikin gilashin tsakanin Sin da Japan a daular Han. Kasar Sin ta fitar da kayayyakin gilashin zuwa kasar Japan da kuma bututun gilashi, da tubalan gilashi da sauran kayayyakin da aka kammala.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-22-2021