Yam cuam tshuam rau cov tshuaj stability ntawm iav

Dej tsis kam thiab acid tsis kam ntawm silicate iav yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm silica thiab alkali hlau oxides. Qhov siab dua cov ntsiab lus ntawm silica, ntau dua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm silica tetrahedron thiab siab dua cov tshuaj stability ntawm iav. Nrog rau qhov nce ntawm alkali hlau oxide cov ntsiab lus, tshuaj stability ntawm iav txo. Ntxiv mus, raws li lub vojvoog ntawm alkali hlau ions nce, daim ntawv cog lus lub zog tsis muaj zog, thiab nws cov tshuaj stability feem ntau txo, uas yog, dej tsis kam Li +> Na +> K +.

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Thaum ob hom alkali hlau oxides muaj nyob rau hauv lub khob tib lub sij hawm, tshuaj stability ntawm lub iav yog heev vim "sib xyaw alkali nyhuv", uas yog pom tseeb nyob rau hauv cov iav txhuas.

Nyob rau hauv silicate iav nrog alkaline ntiaj teb hlau los yog lwm yam bivalent hlau oxide hloov ntawm silicon oxygen, kuj yuav txo tau cov tshuaj stability ntawm iav. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev txo qis kev ruaj ntseg yog qhov tsis muaj zog dua li ntawm alkali hlau oxides. Ntawm cov divalent oxides, BaO thiab PbO muaj qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm kev ruaj ntseg tshuaj, ua raws li MgO thiab CaO.

Nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus iav nrog cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 100SiO 2 + (33.3 1 x) Na2O + zRO (R2O: los yog RO 2), hloov ib feem N azO nrog CaO, MgO, Al2O 3, TiO 2, zRO 2, BaO thiab lwm yam oxides nyob rau hauv lem, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm dej tsis kam thiab acid kuj yog raws li nram no.

Dej tsis kam: ZrO 2> Al2O:> TiO 2> ZnO≥MgO> CaO≥BaO.

Acid resistance: ZrO 2>Al2O:>ZnO>CaO>TiO 2>MgO≥BaO.

Nyob rau hauv cov iav muaj pes tsawg leeg, ZrO 2 tsis tsuas yog muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws dej tsis kam thiab acid kuj, tab sis kuj yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws alkali tsis kam, tab sis refractory. BaO tsis zoo.

Nyob rau hauv trivalent oxide, alumina, boron oxide nyob rau hauv tshuaj stability ntawm iav kuj yuav tshwm sim "boron anomaly" tshwm sim. 6. Nyob rau hauv sodium - calcium - silicon - ntsev iav xN agO·y CaO·z SiO:, yog hais tias cov ntsiab lus oxide conforms rau qhov kev sib raug zoo (2-1), yuav tau ib lub iav ruaj khov.

C – 3 (+ y) (2-1)

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, tag nrho cov oxides uas tuaj yeem ntxiv dag zog rau cov iav qauv network thiab ua kom cov qauv ua tiav thiab ntom tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tshuaj ruaj khov ntawm iav. Hloov pauv, cov tshuaj ruaj khov ntawm cov iav yuav raug txo.


Post lub sij hawm: Apr-23-2020
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