Qhov saum npoo ntawm iav raug rau huab cua feem ntau yog qias neeg. Txhua yam khoom siv tsis zoo thiab lub zog ntawm qhov chaw yog cov pa phem, thiab kev kho mob yuav ua rau muaj kuab paug. Hais txog lub cev lub cev, cov pa phem tuaj yeem yog roj, kua lossis khoom, uas muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim nyias nyias los yog granular. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li nws cov yam ntxwv tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem ua rau hauv lub xeev ionic lossis covalent, inorganic lossis organic teeb meem. Muaj ntau qhov chaw muaj kuab paug, thiab cov pa phem thawj zaug feem ntau yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim ntawm qhov chaw nws tus kheej. Adsorption tshwm sim, tshuaj tiv thaiv, leaching thiab ziab txheej txheem, kho tshuab, diffusion thiab segregation txheej txheem tag nrho ua rau cov pa phem ntawm ntau yam khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv yuav tsum tau ua kom huv si. Piv txwv li, ua ntej muab lub npog ntsej muag, qhov chaw yuav tsum huv si, txwv tsis pub cov zaj duab xis thiab qhov chaw yuav tsis ua raws li zoo, los yog txawm lo rau nws.
iavClevMethod
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev ntawm kev ntxuav iav, nrog rau kev ntxuav cov kuab tshuaj, cua sov thiab hluav taws xob tu, ntxuav ultrasonic, tshem tawm tu, thiab lwm yam.
Kev ntxuav cov kuab tshuaj yog ib txoj hauv kev, siv cov dej uas muaj cov tshuaj ntxuav, dilute acid lossis anhydrous hnyav xws li ethanol, C, thiab lwm yam., emulsion lossis hnyav vapor kuj siv tau. Hom kuab tshuaj siv yog nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov kab mob. Kev ntxuav cov kuab tshuaj tuaj yeem muab faib ua kev txhuam, immersion (xws li ntxuav cov kua qaub, alkali ntxuav, thiab lwm yam), chav degreasing tshuaj ntxuav thiab lwm txoj kev.
ScrubbingGtus poj niam
Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws los ntxuav iav yog rub lub npoo nrog cov paj rwb absorbent, uas yog immersed nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov ntawm precipitated dawb hmoov av, cawv los yog ammonia. Muaj cov cim qhia tias cov kab ntawm chalk tuaj yeem tso rau ntawm cov chaw no, yog li cov khoom no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo ntxuav nrog dej ntshiab lossis ethanol tom qab kho. Txoj kev no yog qhov tsim nyog tshaj plaws rau kev ntxuav ua ntej, uas yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev ntxuav. Nws yog yuav luag ib txoj kev tu tus qauv los so hauv qab ntawm lub lens lossis daim iav nrog daim ntawv lo ntsiab muag uas muaj cov kuab tshuaj. Thaum cov fiber ntau ntawm cov ntawv lo ntsiab muag rubs saum npoo, nws siv cov kuab tshuaj kom tshem tawm thiab siv cov kua nplaum siab rau cov khoom txuas. Qhov kawg kev huv huv yog cuam tshuam nrog cov kuab tshuaj thiab cov pa phem hauv daim ntawv lo ntsiab muag. Txhua daim ntawv lo ntsiab muag raug muab pov tseg tom qab siv ib zaug kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug. Kev ua kom huv ntawm qhov chaw siab tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog txoj kev ntxuav no.
Kev nqhis dejGtus poj niam
Soaking iav yog lwm yam yooj yim thiab feem ntau siv txoj kev ntxuav. Cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim siv rau kev ntxuav tu yog lub thawv qhib ua los ntawm iav, yas lossis stainless hlau, uas yog ntim nrog tshuaj ntxuav. Cov iav qhov chaw yog clamped nrog forging los yog clamped nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb clamp, thiab ces muab tso rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav. Nws tuaj yeem nplawm lossis tsis tau. Tom qab soaking rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv, nws raug tshem tawm ntawm lub thawv, cov khoom ntub dej ces qhuav nrog cov paj rwb tsis muaj kab mob thiab tshuaj xyuas nrog cov teeb pom kev tsaus ntuj. Yog tias qhov kev huv huv tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, nws tuaj yeem tsau rau hauv tib cov kua lossis lwm yam tshuaj ntxuav dua kom rov ua cov txheej txheem saum toj no.
AcidPua icklingTo BreakGtus poj niam
Pickling yog siv cov kua qaub ntawm ntau lub zog (los ntawm qaug zog mus rau cov kua qaub uas muaj zog) thiab lawv cov khoom sib xyaw (xws li cov kua qaub sib xyaw thiab sulfuric acid) los ntxuav cov iav. Txhawm rau tsim cov iav kom huv si, tag nrho cov kua qaub tshwj tsis yog hydrogen acid yuav tsum tau rhaub rau 60 ~ 85 ℃ rau kev siv, vim tias silicon dioxide tsis yooj yim rau yaj los ntawm cov kua qaub (tshwj tsis yog hydrofluoric acid), thiab muaj ib txwm zoo silicon ntawm lub nto ntawm cov iav aging, Kub siab yog pab tau rau cov silica dissolution. Kev xyaum tau ua pov thawj tias qhov sib xyaw ua kom txias muaj 5% HF, 33% HNO2, 2% teepol-l cationic detergent thiab 60% H1o yog cov kua dej zoo tshaj plaws rau zawv zawg iav thiab silica. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias pickling tsis haum rau tag nrho cov tsom iav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov iav uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntawm barium oxide los yog lead oxide (xws li ib co optical tsom iav), Cov tshuaj no muaj peev xwm txawm yuav leached los ntawm qaug zog acid los tsim ib hom thiopine silica nto. .
AlkaliWashingAnd Gtus poj niamAdjusting
Kev ntxuav iav yog siv cov tshuaj caustic soda (NaOH tov) los ntxuav iav. NaOH tov muaj peev xwm ntawm descaling thiab tshem tawm cov roj. Roj thiab lipid zoo li cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem saponified rau hauv roj acid pov thawj ntsev los ntawm alkali. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov tshuaj aqueous no tuaj yeem yooj yim yaug tawm ntawm qhov chaw huv. Nws yog feem ntau cia siab tias cov txheej txheem ntxuav yuav raug txwv rau cov txheej txheem tsis huv, tab sis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me ntawm cov khoom siv rov qab nws tus kheej raug tso cai, uas ua kom muaj kev ua tiav ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxuav. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias muaj zog corrosion thiab leaching los yog tsis xav tau, uas yuav ua rau lub nto zoo thiab yuav tsum tau zam. Tshuaj resistant inorganic thiab organic iav tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv iav. Yooj yim thiab complex immersion thiab lavage txheej txheem yog tsuas yog siv rau ya raws tu ntawm me me qhov chaw.
Post lub sij hawm: May-21-2021