iav Defect

Optical deformation (lub lauj kaub)

Optical deformation, tseem hu ua "txawm qhov chaw", yog plaub qhov kev tiv thaiv me me ntawm cov iav. Nws cov duab yog du thiab puag ncig, nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.06 ~ 0.1mm thiab qhov tob ntawm 0.05mm. Qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw no ua rau lub qhov muag tsis zoo ntawm cov iav thiab ua rau cov duab pom cov duab tsaus, yog li nws tseem hu ua "lub teeb hloov pauv point".

Qhov kho qhov muag deformation tsis xws luag yog tshwm sim los ntawm condensation ntawm SnO2 thiab sulfides. Stannous oxide tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov kua thiab muaj qhov tsis zoo, thaum stannous sulfide yog ntau volatile. Lawv vapor condenses thiab maj mam accumulates ntawm qis kub. Thaum nws accumulates mus rau ib qho twg, nyob rau hauv qhov cuam tshuam los yog kev vibration ntawm huab cua ntws, cov condensed stannous oxide los yog stannous sulfide yuav poob rau ntawm cov iav uas tsis yog tag nrho hardened thiab tsim qhov chaw tsis xws luag. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tin tebchaw no kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo qis rau cov hlau tin los ntawm kev txo cov khoom siv hauv cov roj thaiv kev tiv thaiv, thiab cov hlau tin droplets kuj yuav tsim qhov chaw tsis xws luag hauv iav. Thaum cov tin tebchaw tsim cov pob ntawm cov iav ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov craters me me yuav raug tsim rau ntawm cov iav vim qhov volatilization ntawm cov tebchaw.

Txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los txo qhov kev kho qhov muag deformation tsis xws luag yog kom txo cov pa pa phem thiab sulfur pollution. Cov pa phem feem ntau yog los ntawm cov pa oxygen thiab dej vapor hauv kev tiv thaiv cov pa roj thiab cov pa oxygen tawm thiab diffusing rau hauv qhov sib txawv. Tin oxide tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov kua tin thiab volatilized rau hauv cov pa tiv thaiv. Cov oxide nyob rau hauv cov roj tiv thaiv yog txias thiab khaws cia rau saum npoo ntawm tin da dej npog thiab ntog rau ntawm iav nto. Lub khob nws tus kheej kuj yog qhov chaw ntawm cov pa phem, uas yog, cov pa yaj hauv cov kua iav yuav khiav tawm hauv lub tin da dej, uas tseem yuav oxidize cov hlau tin, thiab cov dej vapor ntawm lub iav yuav nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw da dej. , uas kuj nce qhov feem ntawm cov pa oxygen hauv cov pa.

Sulfur pollution tsuas yog coj mus rau hauv da dej tin los ntawm molten iav thaum siv nitrogen thiab hydrogen. Nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub khob, hydrogen sulfide tso rau hauv cov pa hauv daim ntawv ntawm hydrogen sulfide, uas reacts nrog tin los ua stannous sulfide; Nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub khob, sulfur nkag mus rau hauv cov kua tin los ua stannous sulfide, uas dissolves nyob rau hauv cov kua tin thiab volatilizes rau hauv cov roj tiv thaiv. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke thiab sib sau rau ntawm qhov chaw qis ntawm lub tin da dej npog thiab poob rau ntawm iav nto los tsim cov pob.

Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov roj hluav taws xob tiv thaiv kev kub ntxhov los ntxuav cov condensate ntawm oxidation thiab sulfide sub ob peb rau saum npoo ntawm tin da dej kom txo tau qhov muag deformation.

Scratch (kev puas tsuaj)

Qhov khawb ntawm qhov chaw ruaj khov ntawm cov phaj qub, uas tshwm sim tsis tu ncua lossis tsis tu ncua, yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm cov phaj qub thiab cuam tshuam qhov kev xav ntawm thawj phaj. Nws yog hu ua khawb lossis khawb. Nws yog ib qho tsis xws luag tsim rau ntawm lub iav nto los ntawm annealing roller lossis khoom ntse. Yog tias qhov khawb tshwm nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub khob, nws yuav yog vim muaj cua sov xaim lossis cov thermocouple ntog ntawm cov iav ribbon nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm ib nrab ntawm lub tin da dej los yog nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub qhov cub annealing; Los yog muaj ib lub tsev nyuaj zoo li cov iav tawg ntawm lub phaj tom qab thiab lub iav. Yog tias qhov khawb tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw qis, nws yuav tawg iav los yog lwm yam prisms daig ntawm lub khob phaj thiab cov tin da dej kawg, los yog cov iav siv rubs rau ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob ellipsoid kawg vim qhov hluav taws xob qis lossis cov kua tin qis, los yog muaj cov iav tawg nyob rau hauv lub iav siv nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm annealing, thiab lwm yam. lub ntsiab tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo li no yog kom nquag ntxuav lub nqa nqa kom cov menyuam nto du; Dab tsi ntxiv, peb yuav tsum nquag ntxuav cov iav slag thiab lwm cov khib nyiab ntawm cov iav kom txo cov khawb.

Lub sub khawb yog khawb ntawm lub iav qhov chaw uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txhuam thaum sib kis ntawm cov iav. Qhov kev tsis zoo no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib kis los yog qhov tsis xws ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov menyuam, thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv tsuas yog qhov ncig ntawm cov menyuam. Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob, txhua qhov khawb yog tsim los ntawm ntau ntau mus rau pua pua ntawm cov kab nrib pleb, thiab qhov tawg ntawm lub qhov dej yog lub plhaub zoo li tus. Hauv qhov xwm txheej hnyav, cov kab nrib pleb tuaj yeem tshwm sim, txawm tias ua rau lub phaj qub tawg. Yog vim li cas yog hais tias ib tug neeg cov menyuam nres los yog ceev tsis synchronous, cov menyuam deformation, cov menyuam nto abrasion los yog muaj kuab paug. Txoj kev daws teeb meem yog los kho lub sij hawm kho lub rooj rau cov menyuam thiab tshem tawm cov impurities hauv qhov zawj.

Axial qauv kuj yog ib qho ntawm qhov chaw khawb qhov tsis xws ntawm iav, uas qhia tau hais tias qhov saum npoo ntawm cov phaj qub nthuav tawm cov pob ntawm indentation, uas ua rau lub ntsej muag du thiab lub teeb kis ntawm iav. Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau lub qag qauv yog hais tias tus thawj phaj yog tsis tag hardened, thiab cov asbestos roller yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag. Thaum qhov kev tsis zoo no loj heev, nws tseem yuav ua rau tawg thiab ua rau cov phaj qub tawg. Txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm cov qauv qag yog txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau qhov txias ntawm cov phaj qub thiab txo qhov kev sib sau ua ke.