Kune nzira dzakawanda dzakajairika dzekuchenesa girazi, izvo zvinogona kupfupikiswa sekuchenesa kunyungudika, kupisa uye kucheneswa kwemwaranzi, kuchenesa kwe ultrasonic, kuchenesa kuchenesa, nezvimwewo pakati pavo, kuchenesa kunyungudika uye kupisa kucheneswa ndizvo zvakajairika. Solvent cleaning inzira yakajairika, inoshandisa mvura, dilute acid kana alkali ine cleanse agent, anhydrous solvents senge ethanol, propylene, nezvimwewo, kana emulsion kana solvent vapor. Mhando yekunyungudutsa inoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemhando yetsvina. Solvent yekuchenesa inogona kukamurwa kuita kukorobha, kunyudza (kusanganisira kuchenesa acid, kuchenesa alkali, nezvimwewo) uye kuchenesa kupuruzira kupfapfaidza.
Kukwesha girazi
Nzira iri nyore yekuchenesa girazi ndeyekukwiza pamusoro nekotoni inonwisa, iyo inonyudzwa mumusanganiswa wakanaya wesilica, doro kana ammonia. Pane zviratidzo zvekuti mavara machena anogona kusiiwa panzvimbo idzi, saka zvikamu izvi zvinofanirwa kunyatsocheneswa nemvura yakanatswa kana ethanol mushure mekurapwa. Iyi nzira inonyanya kukodzera kuchenesa kusati kwatanga, iyo ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuchenesa nzira. Inenge yakajairwa yekuchenesa nzira yekupukuta pasi pe lens kana girazi nepepa re lens rizere ne solvent. Kana iyo fiber yepepa re lens ichikwesha pamusoro, inoshandisa solvent kubvisa uye kuisa yakakwira yemvura shear simba kune zvakanamirwa zvimedu. Utsanana hwekupedzisira hune hukama nezvinonyungudutsa uye zvinosvibisa zviri mupepa re lens. Lens bepa rega rega rinoraswa mushure mekushandiswa kamwe chete kudzivirira kusvibiswa zvakare. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yehutsanana hwepamusoro hunogona kuwanikwa nenzira iyi yekuchenesa.
Kunyudza girazi
Kunyura girazi ndiyo imwe nzira iri nyore uye inowanzoshandiswa yekuchenesa. Iyo yakakosha midziyo inoshandiswa pakunyura kuchenesa igaba rakavhurika rakagadzirwa negirazi, plastiki kana simbi isina tsvina, iyo izere nekuchenesa mhinduro. Zvikamu zvegirazi zvinosungirirwa nefogi kana kusungirirwa nechisungo chakakosha, uye wozoiswa mune yekuchenesa mhinduro. Inogona kumutswa kana kwete. Mushure mekunyura kwenguva pfupi, inotorwa kubva mumudziyo, Wobva waomesa zvikamu zvakanyorova nemucheka wekotoni usina kusvibiswa, uye ongorora nemichina yekuvhenekesa yerima. Kana utsanana husina kuzadzisa zvinodiwa, sora zvakare mumvura imwechete kana imwe yekuchenesa mhinduro, uye dzokorora nzira iri pamusoro apa.
Pickling girazi
Izvo zvinonzi pickling, ndiko kushandiswa kwemasimba akasiyana-siyana easidhi (kubva kune asidi isina simba kusvika kune asidi yakasimba) uye musanganiswa wayo (semusanganiswa weGrignard acid uye sulfuric acid) kuchenesa girazi. Kuti ugadzire girazi rakachena, mamwe ese maasidhi kunze kwehydrochloric acid anofanirwa kupiswa kusvika 60 ~ 85 ℃ kuti ashandiswe, nekuti silica haisi nyore kunyungudutswa nemaasidhi (kunze kwehydrochloric acid), uye panogara paine silicon yakanaka. pamusoro pegirazi rekuchembera. Kupisa kwepamusoro kunobatsira pakuparara kwesilica. Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti musanganiswa wekutonhodza dilution une 5% HF, 33% HNO3, 2% teepol cationic detergent uye 60% H2O imvura yakanakisa yekuchenesa girazi uye silica.
Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pickling haikodzeri magirazi ese, kunyanya magirazi ane yakakwirira ye barium oxide kana lead oxide (senge mamwe magirazi emaziso). Izvi zvinhu zvinokwanisa kudonhedzwa neasidhi isina simba kuti igadzire rudzi rwe thiopine silica pamusoro.
Alkali yakagezwa girazi
Alkaline glass cleaning ndeye kushandisa caustic soda solution (NaOH solution) kuchenesa girazi. NaOH mhinduro ine kugona kwekudzikisa uye kubvisa girizi. Girazi uye lipid senge zvinhu zvinogona kuve saponified nealkali kugadzira lipid anti acid munyu. Izvo zvinogadzirwa zveaya aqueous solutions zvinogona kucheneswa zviri nyore kubva panzvimbo yakachena. Kazhinji, nzira yekuchenesa inogumira kune yakasvibiswa yakasvibiswa, asi kushandiswa kwechiedza kwechinhu chacho pachako kunobvumirwa. Inovimbisa kubudirira kwehutano hwekuchenesa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti hapana yakasimba genus mhedzisiro uye leaching mhedzisiro, iyo inokuvadza pamusoro pemhando, Saka inofanira kudziviswa. Kemikari ionization inopikisa inorganic uye organic girazi inogona kuwanikwa mumagirazi echigadzirwa samples. Yakareruka uye inoumbwa kunyudza yekuchenesa maitiro anonyanya kushandiswa kuchenesa zvidimbu zvidiki.
Degreasing uye kuchenesa girazi nemhepo
Steam degreasing inonyanya kushandiswa kubvisa mafuta epamusoro uye girazi rakaputsika. Mukuchenesa kwegirazi, inowanzoshandiswa sedanho rekupedzisira remhando dzakasiyana dzekuchenesa. Iyo steam stripper inonyanya kuumbwa nemudziyo wakavhurika ine chinhu chekudziya pazasi uye nyoka-yakatonhodzwa nemvura yakatenderedza kumusoro. Mvura yekuchenesa inogona kuva isoendoethanol kana yakasvibiswa uye chlorinated carbohydrate. Iyo solvent inoputika kuita gasi rinopisa rinopisa. Iyo inotonhorera coil inodzivirira kurasikirwa kwemhepo, saka mhepo inogona kuchengetwa mumidziyo. Bata girazi rinotonhora kuti ushambidzwe nemidziyo yakakosha uye uinyudze mumhepo yakanyanyisa kwemasekonzi gumi nemashanu kusvika kumaminitsi mashoma. Iyo yakachena yekuchenesa mvura gasi ine yakanyanya solubility yezvinhu zvakawanda. Inoumba mhinduro ine zvinosvibisa pagirazi inotonhora uye inodonha, uye zvino inotsiviwa neakachena condensing solvent. Iyi nzira inoenderera mberi kusvikira girazi ranyanya kupisa uye risingachadziviriri. Kukura kwekupisa kwegirazi ndiko, iyo nguva yakawanda iyo steam inoramba ichidzika kuchenesa nzvimbo yakanyorova. Bhandi regirazi rakacheneswa nenzira iyi rine magetsi akamira, Kuchaja uku kunofanirwa kurapwa mumhepo yakachena ionized kuti iparare kwenguva refu.
Kuitira kudzivirira kukwezva kweguruva particles mumhepo. Nekuda kwesimba rekuita, guruva zvidimbu zvakanamirwa zvakasimba, uye mhute degreasing inzira yakanaka yekuwana yakakwirira mhando yakachena nzvimbo. Kushanda kwekuchenesa kunogona kuongororwa nekuyera friction coefficient. Uye zvakare, kune yakasviba munda bvunzo, yekubata kona uye firimu adhesion kuyerwa. Aya maitiro akakwirira, ndapota chenesa pasi.
Kuchenesa girazi nepfapfaidzo
Jet kucheneswa kunoshandisa simba rekugera rinoshandiswa nemhepo inofamba pane zviduku zviduku kuparadza simba rekunamatira pakati pezvikamu uye pamusoro. Zvimedu zvinomiswa mumvura inoyerera uye zvinotorwa kubva pamusoro nemvura. Iyo mvura inowanzo shandiswa pakuchenesa leaching inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuchenesa jet. Pakumhanya kwejeti nguva dzose, iyo yakakora mhinduro yekuchenesa, iyo yakakura simba rekinetic rinotamirwa kune zvakatemerwa zvimedu. Iko kushanda kwekuchenesa kunogona kuvandudzwa nekuwedzera kudzvanywa uye inowirirana mvura inoyerera velocity. Kumanikidza kunoshandiswa kunosvika 350 kPa. Kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanakisa, yakaonda fan nozzle inoshandiswa, uye chinhambwe chiri pakati pemhuno nepamusoro hachifanirwe kudarika 100 nguva yedhayamita yemhino. High pressure jekiseni re organic liquid inokonzera matambudziko ekutonhodza pamusoro, uyezve mhute yemvura haitarisirwi kuumba tsvina pamusoro. Mamiriro ari pamusoro anogona kudzivirirwa nekutsiva organic liquid nehydrogen kana mvura jeti isina tsvina. High pressure liquid jekiseni inzira inoshanda chaizvo yekubvisa zvimedu zvidiki se5pm. High pressure air kana gasi jekiseni inoshandawo mune dzimwe nguva.
Pane imwe nzira yekuchenesa girazi ne solvent. Nekuti kana uchichenesa girazi ne solvent, imwe neimwe nzira ine yayo inoshanda chiyero. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, kunyanya kana iyo solvent pachayo ichisvibisa, haishandi. Kuchenesa mhinduro kunowanzo kusapindirana kune mumwe nemumwe, saka usati washandisa imwe nzira yekuchenesa, inofanira kubviswa zvachose kubva pamusoro. Mukuita kuchenesa, kurongeka kwekuchenesa mhinduro kunofanirwa kuve kunoenderana nemakemikari uye kusanganisa, uye hapana kunaya kwemvura padanho rega rega. Shandura kubva kune acidic solution kune alkaline solution, panguva iyo inoda kushambidzwa nemvura yakachena. Kuti uchinje kubva kune aqueous solution kuenda kune organic solution, miscible cosolvent (yakadai sedoro kana yakakosha mvura yekubvisa mvura) inogara ichidikanwa pakurapa kwepakati. plus
Mishonga yemakemikari uye corrosive cleaning agents inobvumirwa kugara pamusoro penguva pfupi. Nhanho yekupedzisira yekuchenesa nzira inofanira kuitwa nekuchenjerera kukuru. Kana kurapwa kwakanyorova kunoshandiswa, mhinduro yekupedzisira yekutsvaira inofanira kunge yakachena sezvinobvira. Kazhinji, inofanira kunge iri nyore kushandisa. Kusarudzwa kwenzira yakanakisisa yekuchenesa kunoda ruzivo. Pakupedzisira, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti nzvimbo yakacheneswa haifaniri kusara isina kudzivirirwa. Pamberi pedanho rekupedzisira rekuputira kurapwa, zvinonyatsodiwa kuchengetedza uye kufamba zvakanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: May-31-2021