Muna 1994, United Kingdom yakatanga kushandisa plasma bvunzo yekunyungudutsa girazi. Muna 2003, Dhipatimendi reUnited States resimba uye magirazi indasitiri mubatanidzwa yakaita diki-diki dhizha density bvunzo yeyakanyanya-kusimba plasma inonyungudika E girazi uye girazi fiber, kuchengetedza anopfuura makumi mana muzana simba. Japan's new energy industry technology comprehensive development agency yakarongawo xiangnituo yeJapan neTokyo University yetekinoroji kuti vatange pamwe chete bvunzo ye1t / D. Batch yegirazi yakanyungudutswa mukubhururuka neredhiyo induction plasma kudziyisa. Nguva yekunyunguduka yaingova 2 ~ 3H, uye simba rakakwana rekushandiswa kwegirazi rakapedzwa raive 5.75mj/kg. Muna 2008, xiangnituo yakaita 100t soda lime girazi kudzivirira bvunzo, uye nguva yekunyunguduka yakapfupikiswa kusvika 1/10 yepakutanga, Kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderedzwa ne50%, Co, No. YeJapan's new energy indasitiri (NEDO) tekinoroji yakazara yekusimudzira agency inoronga kushandisa 1 t soda lime girazi bvunzo mhinduro ye batching, mundege kunyunguduka pamwe chete ne decompression kujekesa maitiro, uye inoronga kudzikisa kunyungudika kushandiswa kwesimba kusvika 3767 kJ / kg girazi muna 2012. .
Panyaya yegirazi raw materials, galena uye red lead zvakashandiswa kunyungudutsa girazi munhoroondo. Girazi rinotungamira rakagadzirwa ne galena uye dzvuku lead rakajeka uye riri nyore kugadzira uye kuveza, zviri nani kupfuura soda lime girazi. Zvakambofungwa kuti iyi ibudiriro. Asi gare gare, vanhu vakazoona zvishoma nezvishoma kuipa kwekusvibiswa kwegirazi remutobvu. Parizvino, kuwedzera kune girazi remaziso uye girazi remhando yepamusoro, Europe yakaita nhevedzano yekuyedza pazvinhu zvemagetsi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi, girazi Lead yakarambidzwa kubva kumatoyi uye zvimwe zvekurongedza. Mercury, cadmium uye arsenic zvakarambidzwawo. Kubva muzana ramakore rechi 18 kusvika kuzana ramakore rechi 19, magirazi egirazi akanga akaputirwa nerata kuseri kwegirazi kuti ataridzike, asi akanga ane chepfu zvikuru. Muna 1835, kemikari sirivha yakashandiswa panzvimbo. Kare, arsenic oxide yaishandiswa seopacifier kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvejade zvekutevedzera. Mhedzisiro yacho yaive yakaoma kune mamwe maopacifiers kuti aite. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo, yakagara ichirambidzwa kushandiswa se opacifier. Kwete chete midziyo yegirazi inosangana nechikafu nechinwiwa ndiyo yaishandiswa sekujekesa panzvimbo yearsenic oxide, asi kunyangwe girazi remaziso rakashandiswawo kubvisa arsenic, Kugadzirwa kwegirazi risiri remaziso kwakaderedza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvisingadzokerike senge zviwanikwa uye. simba, pamwe nekushandiswa kwekabhoni mukufambisa. Tichitora UK semuenzaniso, bhodhoro regirazi rega rega rinoderedzwa ne1/10, uye kushandiswa kwe250000 matani egirazi uye 180000 matani eCO2 emission inoderedzwa gore rega. Nyanzvi dzekune dzimwe nyika dzakaratidzawo kuti mhando yemabhodhoro ewaini yakadzikira ne1g, uye co yakabuda mumhepo yakadzikirawo ne1g. Mumuchadenga, kubhururuka nendege, chekufambisa, kuderedzwa kwemagirazi mashoma kunonyanya kukosha. Pamusoro pekupokana nemwaranzi, huwandu hwenzvimbo optical system inoda kudzikiswa. Semuenzaniso, TiO2 inoshandiswa kutsiva PbO, Bao, CDO kugadzirira girazi remaziso neiyo yakafanana refractive index. Kuti uderedze huremu hwemhepo yemhepo yemotokari, 2mm flat girazi substrate inoshandiswa kugadzirira girazi rekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune flat panel displays, uko ukobvu hwegirazi hwakaderedzwa kubva pa2mm kusvika pasi pe1.5mm; Ukobvu hwe touch screen hwakaderedzwa kubva 0.5mm kusvika 0.1mm; Ukobvu hweinotakurika yemagetsi mudziyo kuratidza yakaderedzwa kusvika 0.3mm. Muna 2011, Asahi nitzsch yakagadzira 0.1 mm alkali yemahara substrate nenzira yekuyangarara ye touch screen, yechipiri chizvarwa kuratidza, mwenje uye kurapwa. Girazi rakatetepa uye girazi rakatetepa rinoshandiswa kune substrate uye yekuvhara ndiro yemasero ezuva mumasetiraiti, spacecrafts uye spacecrafts kuchengetedza mashandisiro esimba mukuparura nekushanda. Ukobvu hwe substrate uye chivharo ndiro inoderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kubva 0,1 mm kusvika 0.008 mm.
Iko kubatanidzwa uye kungwara kunoita kuti mhando imwechete yezvigadzirwa zvegirazi zvive nemabasa akawanda uye inova rudzi rutsva rwezvinhu zvakazara zvine mabasa maviri uye akawanda, izvo zvinoita kuti kudiwa kwepakutanga kushandisa girazi rinoshanda uye kurishandura kuita rudzi rwegirazi rinoshanda. Semuyenzaniso, remangwana rakangwara rekuvaka girazi rine mabasa e otomatiki dimming, kuvharira inzwi, kudzivirira kupisa, kucheneswa kwemhepo, antibacterial uye sterilization, uye zvakare inogona kusanganisa photovoltaic kubatanidzwa (solar cell power generation), solar heat collection, photocatalytic reaction hydrogen negirazi. curtain wall kuti iite chivakwa chakangwara chine simba rekuchengetedza, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwakazara kwezviwanikwa.
Iyo yakasanganiswa yegirazi uye organic matter inoreva kusanganiswa kwezviviri muyero nano, iyo inogona kusimbisa kupindirana kweiyo interface, kupa yakazara kutamba kune kuomarara, dimensional kugadzikana, yakanyanya kupfavisa tembiricha uye yakakwirira yekupisa zvimiro zvegirazi, uye zvakare. shandisa shear, yakapfava processability uye kuchinjika kwe organic diki molecular polymer, kuitira kuti uwane zvinhu zvitsva zvinogona kugadzirwa, kuunganidzwa, kusanganiswa uye kugadziridzwa. Mabasa matsva ezvishandiso zvakasanganiswa anogona kuwanikwa nekusarudza akasiyana organic zvinhu, sekuwedzera conductive mapolymers mune shanduko simbi alkoxide system. Zvimiro zvezvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvinogona kugadzirwa uye kugadziridzwa zvine chinangwa, sekuwedzera organic dhayi kana p-conjugated polymers mugirazi network kuti uwane optical zvinhu zvine mutsara kune nonlinear zvivakwa; Semuenzaniso, tembiricha yekushanduka kwegirazi yephosphate yakaderera kunyungudika girazi yakagadzirwa nehybridization yakadzikira se29 ℃.
Girasi yechinyakare haina kusimba, iyo inokanganisa kushandiswa kwayo. Simba nekusimbiswa kwegirazi ibasa rekutsvagisa nekukurumidza. Mune ramangwana, isu tinofanirwa kuongorora zvakadzama izvo zvinokonzeresa zve microcracks, kushandisa pamusoro simulation tekinoroji, nzira yekudzivirira kupararira kwekutsemuka, maitiro ekuporesa makatsemuka, maitiro ekuchinja maitiro epamusoro egirazi, uye nzira yekusimbisa girazi ine nanostructures. .
Mune ramangwana, girazi rechinyakare rinoda kuvandudza zvirimo zvesainzi uye tekinoroji, kuvandudza mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa, uye kuenda kune yakasvibira uye yakawanda-inoshanda budiriro, kubva pachiyero chekuwedzera kweindasitiri yakaderera kusvika pakuvandudza kukosha kwakawedzera uye high quality. Kana zviri zvekushandisa zvinoshanda, zvimwe zvakanakisa zvimiro zvegirazi hazvigone kutsiviwa. Muzana remakore rechi21 izana remakore photonics, uye photonics tekinoroji haigone kuparadzaniswa negirazi rephotonic, iro rine simba guru pachizvarwa chemashoko, kutapurirana, kuchengetedza, kuratidza, kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza, kuchengetedza uye zvichingodaro Solar simba chinhu chakakosha. renewable simba uye simba rakachena, uye girazi chinhu chakakosha chekugadzira simba rezuva, senge Ultra chena girazi substrate uye yekuvhara ndiro yemasero ezuva, transparent conductive girazi, kunyanya kubatanidzwa kwe photovoltaic. building. Iyo ine tarisiro yakakura yekushandisa yekusanganisa simba rezuva rekugadzira negirazi keteni madziro.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-11-2021