Kupokana kwemvura uye acid kuramba kwesilicate girazi kunonyanya kutsanangurwa nezviri mukati silica uye alkali simbi oxides. Iyo yakakwirira yezviri mukati me silica, iyo yakakura dhigirii yekubatana pakati pe silica tetrahedron uye yakakwirira kugadzikana kwekemikari yegirazi. Nekuwedzera kweiyo alkali simbi oxide yemukati, iyo kemikari kugadzikana kwegirazi inoderera. Uyezve, sezvo radius yealkali metal ions inowedzera, simba rezvisungo rinopera, uye kugadzikana kwekemikari kunowanzodzikira, kureva, kudzivirira mvura Li +> Na +> K+.
Kana mhando mbiri dzealkali metal oxides dziripo mugirazi panguva imwe chete, kugadzikana kwekemikari yegirazi kwakanyanyisa nekuda kwe "mixed alkali effect", inova pachena mugirazi rekutungamirira.
Mu silicate girazi ine alkaline pasi simbi kana imwe bivalent simbi oxide kutsiva nesilicon okisijeni, zvakare inogona kuderedza kugadzikana kwemakemikari egirazi. Nekudaro, mhedzisiro yekudzikira kugadzikana haina kusimba pane iyo yealkali metal oxides. Pakati pe divalent oxides, BaO nePbO vane simba rakasimba pakugadzikana kwemakemikari, inoteverwa neMgO neCaO.
Mugasi regirazi rine kemikari ye100SiO 2+(33.3 1 x) Na2O+zRO(R2O: kana RO 2), tsiva chikamu N azO neCaO, MgO, Al2O 3, TiO 2, zRO 2, BaO nemamwe maokisi. uyezve, kurongeka kwekudzivirira kwemvura uye kupikisa asidi kunotevera.
Kuramba kwemvura: ZrO 2> Al2O: > TiO 2> ZnO≥MgO>CaO≥BaO.
Acid resistance: ZrO 2>Al2O: >ZnO>CaO>TiO 2>MgO≥BaO.
Mukugadzirwa kwegirazi, ZrO 2 haina kungova nekunakisisa kwemvura uye kupikisa asidhi, asiwo yakanakisa alkali kuramba, asi refractory. BaO haina kunaka.
Mune trivalent oxide, alumina, boron oxide pane kugadzikana kwekemikari yegirazi inozoonekwawo "boron anomaly" chiitiko. 6. Mu sodium - calcium - silicon - girazi remunyu xN agO·y CaO·z SiO :, kana zvinyorwa zve oxide zvinoenderana nehukama (2-1), girazi rakanyatsogadzikana rinogona kuwanikwa.
C – 3 (+ y) (2-1)
Muchidimbu, maokisi ese anogona kusimbisa girazi chimiro network uye kuita kuti chimiro chive chakakwana uye chakaomeswa chinogona kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemakemikari egirazi. Sezvineiwo, kugadzikana kwemakemikari kwegirazi kuchaderedzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2020