Nekukurumidza kusimukira kwesainzi yemazuva ano uye tekinoroji, zvinodikanwa zvezvishandiso zvitsva zveinjiniya zvakakwirira uye zvakakwirira munzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro dzakadai seindasitiri yemagetsi, indasitiri yesimba renyukireya, aerospace uye kutaurirana kwemazuva ano. Sezvatinoziva tese, iyo engineering ceramic zvinhu (inozivikanwawo semaumbirwo ekeramics) yakagadziridzwa nehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano zvinhu zvitsva zveinjiniya kuti zvienderane nekusimudzira uye kushandiswa kwehunyanzvi hwemazuva ano hwepamusoro. Parizvino, yave yechitatu engineering zvinhu mushure mesimbi nepurasitiki. Ichi chinyorwa hachingori nehupamhi hwekunyungudika, kupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kusagadzikana kwekuora, kusapfeka uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha, asi zvakare ine radiation resistance, high frequency uye high voltage insulation nezvimwe zvinhu zvemagetsi, pamwe nekunzwika, chiedza, kupisa, magetsi. , magineti uye zvipenyu, zvekurapa, kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinhu. Izvi zvinoita kuti ma ceramics aya anoshanda zvakanyanya kushandiswa muminda yemagetsi, microelectronics, optoelectronic ruzivo uye kutaurirana kwemazuva ano, otomatiki kutonga uye zvichingodaro. Zviripachena, mumhando dzese dzezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, tekinoroji yekuisa chisimbiso yekeramics nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotora chinzvimbo chakakosha.
Kuiswa chisimbiso chegirazi uye ceramic inzira yekubatanidza girazi uye ceramic muchimiro chakazara nehunyanzvi tekinoroji. Nemamwe mashoko, girazi uye zvedongo zvikamu kushandisa yakanaka tekinoroji, kuitira kuti zvinhu zviviri siyana akasanganiswa kuva dissimilar zvinhu akabatana, uye kuita kuti kushanda kwayo kusangana nezvinodiwa mudziyo chimiro.
Kuiswa chisimbiso pakati peceramic negirazi kwakagadzirwa nekukurumidza mumakore achangopfuura. Rimwe remabasa akanyanya kukosha ekuisa chisimbiso tekinoroji ndeyekupa yakaderera-inodhura nzira yekugadzira akawanda-zvikamu zvikamu. Nekuti kuumbwa kweceramics kunoganhurwa nezvikamu uye zvinhu, zvakakosha kwazvo kukudziridza inoshanda yekuisa chisimbiso tekinoroji. Mazhinji ceramics, kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya, anoratidzawo hunhu hwebrittle zvinhu, saka zvakanyanya kuoma kugadzira zvikamu zvemaumbirwo akaomarara kuburikidza nekugadziriswa kwedense ceramics. Mune zvimwe zvirongwa zvekusimudzira, senge advanced thermal engine plan, zvimwe zvikamu zvimwechete zvinogona kugadzirwa kuburikidza nemakanika kugadzirisa, asi zvinonetsa kuwana kugadzirwa kwakawanda nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zvemutengo wakakwira uye kuomerwa kwekugadzirisa. Nekudaro, tekinoroji yekuisa chisimbiso cheporcelain inogona kubatanidza zvikamu zvisinganyanyi kuomesesa mumhando dzakasiyana, izvo zvisingangodzikisire zvakanyanya mutengo wekugadzirisa, asi zvakare zvinoderedza kubvumidzwa kwekugadzirisa. Rimwe basa rakakosha rekuvhara tekinoroji ndeyekuvandudza kuvimbika kweiyo ceramic chimiro. Ceramics zvinhu zvinoputika, izvo zvinonyanya kutsamira pakuremara, Pamberi pechimiro chakaoma chisati chaumbwa, zviri nyore kuongorora uye kuona kukanganisa kwezvikamu zviri nyore zvechimiro, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuvimbika kwezvikamu.
Kuvhara nzira yegirazi uye ceramic
Parizvino, kune marudzi matatu emhando dzeceramic yekuisa chisimbiso nzira: simbi yesimbi, yakasimba chikamu diffusion welding uye oxide girazi welding (1) Active simbi welding inzira yewelding nekuisa chisimbiso zvakananga pakati peceramic negirazi ine reactive simbi uye solder. Iyo inonzi simbi inoshanda inoreva Ti, Zr, HF zvichingodaro. Atomic yavo yemagetsi layer haina kuzadzwa zvizere. Naizvozvo, zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe simbi, ine hupenyu hwakakura. Masimbi aya ane hukama hukuru hwemaokisi, silicates uye zvimwe zvinhu, uye anonyanya kuokisiswa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu, saka anonzi masimbi anoshanda. Panguva imwecheteyo, simbi idzi uye Cu, Ni, AgCu, Ag, nezvimwewo zvinoumba intermetallic patembiricha yakaderera pane imwe nzvimbo inonyunguduka, uye idzi intermetallic dzinogona kusungirirwa zvakanaka pamusoro pegirazi uye ceramics pakupisa kwepamusoro. Naizvozvo, kuiswa chisimbiso kwegirazi neceramic kunogona kupedzwa zvinobudirira nekushandisa idzi goridhe rinoshanda uye rinoenderana rinoputika.
(2) Peripheral phase diffusion yekuisa chisimbiso inzira yekuona chisimbiso chese pasi pekumanikidzwa uye tembiricha apo zvidimbu zviviri zvezvimedu zvemasumbu zvinosangana padhuze uye zvichigadzira imwe deformation yepurasitiki, kuitira kuti maatomu avo awedzere uye abvumirane.
(3) Girazi solder rinoshandiswa kunama girazi uye nyama porcelain.
Kuiswa chisimbiso chegirazi re solder
(1) Girazi, ceramic uye solder girazi rinofanirwa kusarudzwa semidziyo yekuisa chisimbiso kutanga, uye tsoka yekuwedzera coefficient yevatatu inofanirwa kufanana, inova kiyi yekutanga yekubudirira kwekuvharira chisimbiso. Imwe kiyi ndeyokuti girazi rakasarudzwa rinofanira kunge rakanyoroveswa negirazi uye ceramic panguva yekuvhara, uye zvikamu zvakavharwa (girazi nekeramic) hazvifanirwe kuve nekupisa kwekupisa, Pakupedzisira, zvikamu zvese mushure mekuiswa chisimbiso zvinofanirwa kuve neimwe simba.
(2) Kugadziriswa kwemhando yezvikamu: iyo yekuisa chisimbiso zviso zvegirazi zvikamu, zvikamu zveceramic uye solder girazi zvinofanirwa kuve nepamusoro flatness, zvikasadaro ukobvu hwemagirazi egirazi hahuenderane, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuwedzera kwekuisa chisimbiso kushushikana, uye kunyange lead. kusvika pakuputika kwezvikamu zve porcelain.
(3) Iyo binder ye solder girazi poda inogona kuve yakachena mvura kana zvimwe organic zvinonyungudutsa. Kana organic solvents ichishandiswa sebhainda, kana nzira yekuisa chisimbiso ikasasarudzwa zvakanaka, kabhoni inoderedzwa uye girazi rekutengesa richasvibiswa. Uyezve, pakuisa chisimbiso, iyo organic solvent ichave yakaora, uye gasi rinokuvadza kuhutano hwevanhu richaburitswa. Nokudaro, sarudza mvura yakachena sezvinobvira.
(4) Ukobvu hwekumanikidza solder girazi layer kazhinji 30 ~ 50um. Kana kudzvanywa kuri kudiki, kana girazi rakanyanyisa, simba rekuvhara richaderedzwa, uye kunyangwe gasi reLake richagadzirwa. Nekuti chisimbiso chekupedzisira chiso hachigone kuve chakakodzera ndege, kudzvanywa kwakakura kwazvo, ukobvu hwemalahle egirazi remarasha hunosiyana zvakanyanya, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuwedzera kwekuisa chisimbiso kushushikana, uye kunyange kukonzera kuputika.
(5) Iyo dhizaini yekupisa nhanho yekupisa inogamuchirwa yekuisa chisimbiso checrystallization, ine zvinangwa zviviri: chimwe ndechekudzivirira bubble mune solder girazi layer inokonzerwa nekukurumidza kukura kwemwando panguva yekutanga kupisa, uye imwe. ndeyekudzivisa kuputika kwechidimbu chese uye girazi nekuda kwekushisa kusina kuenzana nekuda kwekukurumidza kupisa kana hukuru hwechidimbu chese uye girazi regirazi rakakura. Sezvo tembiricha inowedzera kusvika kune yekutanga kupisa kweiyo solder, iyo solder girazi inotanga kubuda. Tembiricha yekuisa chisimbiso, nguva yakareba yekuisa chisimbiso, uye kuwanda kwechigadzirwa kubuda kunobatsira pakuvandudzwa kwesimba rekuvharisa, asi kusimba kwemhepo kunodzikira. Tembiricha yekuisa chisimbiso yakaderera, nguva yekuisa chisimbiso ipfupi, kuumbwa kwegirazi kwakakura, kusimba kwegasi kwakanaka, asi simba rekuvhara rinoderera, Uyezve, nhamba yeanalytes inokanganisawo mutsara wekuwedzera coefficient ye solder girazi. Naizvozvo, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chekuisa chisimbiso mhando, mukuwedzera pakusarudza yakakodzera solder girazi, inonzwisisika yekuisa chisimbiso yakatarwa uye yekuisa chisimbiso maitiro anofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nechiso chebvunzo. Mukuita kwegirazi uye kuiswa chisimbiso checeramic, iyo yekuisa chisimbiso inofanirwawo kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nehunhu hweakasiyana solder girazi.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2021