Pamusoro pegirazi rinoratidzwa mumhepo inowanzoitika yakasvibiswa. Chero chinhu chisingabatsiri uye simba riri pamusoro zvinosvibisa, uye chero kurapwa kunokonzera kusvibiswa. Panyaya yechimiro chemuviri, kusvibiswa kwepasi kunogona kuve gasi, mvura kana yakasimba, iyo iripo muchimiro che membrane kana granular. Uye zvakare, zvinoenderana neayo emakemikari maitiro, anogona kunge ari muionic kana covalent state, inorganic kana organic matter. Kune manyuko akawanda ekusvibisa, uye kusvibiswa kwekutanga kunowanzova chikamu chekuumbwa kwepamusoro pachayo. Adsorption phenomenon, chemical reaction, leaching and drying process, mechanic treatment, diffusion and segregation process zvese zvinowedzera kusvibisa kwepasi kwezvikamu zvakasiyana. Nekudaro, mazhinji esainzi uye tekinoroji tsvagiridzo nekushandisa zvinoda nzvimbo dzakachena. Semuenzaniso, usati wapa chifukidzo chepamusoro, nzvimbo yacho inofanira kuva yakachena, kana zvisina kudaro firimu nepamusoro hazvizonamatira zvakanaka, kana kunyange kunamatira pairi.
GiraziCleaningMethod
Kune dzakawanda nzira dzakajairwa dzekuchenesa girazi, kusanganisira kuchenesa zvinonyungudutsa, kudziyisa uye kuchenesa nemwaranzi, kuchenesa kwe ultrasonic, kuchenesa, nezvimwe.
Solvent kuchenesa inzira yakajairika, kushandisa mvura ine yekuchenesa agent, dilute acid kana anhydrous solvent senge ethanol, C, nezvimwewo, emulsion kana solvent vapor inogona kushandiswa zvakare. Mhando yekunyungudutsa inoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemhando yetsvina. Solvent yekuchenesa inogona kukamurwa kuita kukorobha, kunyudza (kusanganisira kuchenesa asidhi, kuchenesa alkali, nezvimwewo), kuchenesa kupuruzira kupfapfaidza uye dzimwe nzira.
KukweshaGmusikana
Nzira iri nyore yekuchenesa girazi ndeyekukwiza pamusoro nekotoni inonwisa, iyo inonyudzwa mumusanganiswa weguruva chena, doro kana ammonia. Pane zviratidzo zvekuti maronda echoko anogona kusiiwa panzvimbo idzi, saka zvikamu izvi zvinofanirwa kunyatsocheneswa nemvura yakachena kana ethanol mushure mekurapwa. Iyi nzira inonyanya kukodzera kuchenesa kusati kwatanga, iyo ndiyo nhanho yekutanga yekuchenesa nzira. Inenge yakajairwa yekuchenesa nzira yekupukuta pasi pe lens kana girazi nepepa re lens rizere ne solvent. Kana iyo fiber yepepa re lens ichikwesha pamusoro, inoshandisa solvent kubvisa uye kuisa yakakwira yemvura shear simba kune zvakanamirwa zvimedu. Utsanana hwekupedzisira hune hukama nezvinonyungudutsa uye zvinosvibisa zviri mupepa re lens. Lens bepa rega rega rinoraswa mushure mekushandiswa kamwe chete kudzivirira kusvibiswa zvakare. Nzvimbo yepamusoro yehutsanana hwepamusoro hunogona kuwanikwa nenzira iyi yekuchenesa.
KunyudzwaGmusikana
Kunyura girazi ndiyo imwe nzira iri nyore uye inowanzoshandiswa yekuchenesa. Iyo yakakosha midziyo inoshandiswa pakunyura kuchenesa igaba rakavhurika rakagadzirwa negirazi, plastiki kana simbi isina tsvina, iyo izere nekuchenesa mhinduro. Zvikamu zvegirazi zvinosungirirwa nefogi kana kusungirirwa nechisungo chakakosha, uye wozoiswa mune yekuchenesa mhinduro. Inogona kumutswa kana kwete. Mushure mekunyura kwenguva pfupi, inotorwa kubva mumudziyo, Zvikamu zvakanyorova zvinobva zvaomeswa nemucheka wekotoni usina kusvibiswa uye zvinoongororwa nechiedza cherima. Kana hutsanana husingasviki zvinodiwa, hunogona kunyudzwa mumvura imwechete kana imwe nzira yekuchenesa zvakare kudzokorora nzira iri pamusoro apa.
AcidPicklingTo BreakGmusikana
Pickling ndiko kushandiswa kwemaasidhi emasimba akasiyana-siyana (kubva kune asina simba kusvika kune akasimba asidhi) uye misanganiswa yavo (yakadai semusanganiswa weasidhi uye sulfuric acid) kuchenesa girazi. Kuti ugadzire girazi rakachena, maasidhi ese kunze kwehydrogen asidhi anofanira kupiswa kusvika 60 ~ 85 ℃ kuti ashandiswe, nekuti silicon dioxide haisi nyore kunyungudutswa nemaasidhi (kunze kwehydrofluoric acid), uye panogara paine silicon yakanaka. pamusoro pegirazi rekuchembera, Kupisa kwepamusoro kunobatsira pakuparara kwesilica. Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti musanganiswa wekutonhodza dilution une 5% HF, 33% HNO2, 2% teepol-l cationic detergent uye 60% H1o imvura yakanakisa yekugezesa girazi uye silica. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pickling haikodzere magirazi ese, kunyanya kune magirazi ane yakakwira ye barium oxide kana lead oxide (senge mamwe magirazi emaziso), Izvi zvinhu zvinogona kunyange kunyudzwa neasina simba asidhi kuita rudzi rwe thiopine silica pamusoro. .
AlkaliWashingAnd GmusikanaAkugadzirisa
Kuchenesa kwegirazi kushandisa caustic soda solution (NaOH solution) kuchenesa girazi. NaOH mhinduro ine kugona kwekudzikisa uye kubvisa girizi. Girisi uye lipid senge zvinhu zvinogona kuiswa saponified kuita grease acid proof salt nealkali. Izvo zvinogadzirwa zveaya aqueous solutions zvinogona kucheneswa zviri nyore kubva panzvimbo yakachena. Zvinowanzotarisirwa kuti nzira yekuchenesa inongogumira kune yakasvibiswa layer, asi iyo yakapfava corrosion yeacking material pachayo inobvumirwa, iyo inovimbisa kubudirira kwekuchenesa maitiro. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti corrosion yakasimba uye leaching mhedzisiro hazvitarisirwe, izvo zvinokuvadza kunaka kwepamusoro uye zvinofanirwa kudziviswa. Kemikari inodzivirira inorganic uye organic magirazi anogona kuwanikwa mumagirazi echigadzirwa samples. Yakareruka uye yakaoma kunyudza uye nzira dzekugezesa dzinonyanya kushandiswa kuchenesa hunyoro hwezvikamu zvidiki.
Nguva yekutumira: May-21-2021