Ukumelana namanzi kunye nokuchasana kwe-asidi yeglasi ye-silicate inqunywe ngokukodwa ngumxholo we-silica kunye ne-alkali metal oxides. Ukuphakama komxholo we-silica, iqondo elikhulu lokudibanisa phakathi kwe-silica tetrahedron kunye nokuphakama kozinzo lweekhemikhali zeglasi. Ngokunyuka komxholo we-alkali yensimbi ye-oxide, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali zeglasi kuyancipha. Ngaphezu koko, njengoko i-radius ye-ion yensimbi ye-alkali ikhula, amandla ebhondi ayancipha, kwaye ukuzinza kwayo kweekhemikhali kuncipha ngokubanzi, oko kukuthi, ukuxhathisa kwamanzi Li +>Na+>K +.
Xa iindidi ezimbini zealkali zentsimbi oxide zikhona kwiglasi ngaxeshanye, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali zeglasi kugqithise ngenxa “yempembelelo yealkali exubeneyo”, ebonakala ngakumbi kwiglasi yokukhokela.
Kwiglasi ye-silicate enentsimbi yomhlaba yealkaline okanye enye i-bivalent metal oxide endaweni ye-silicon oksijini, nayo inokunciphisa uzinzo lwekhemikhali yeglasi. Nangona kunjalo, isiphumo sokuncipha kozinzo sibuthathaka kuneso se-alkali metal oxides. Phakathi kwe-divalent oxides, i-BaO kunye ne-PbO inefuthe elinamandla kwi-chemical stability, elandelwa yi-MgO kunye ne-CaO.
Kwiglasi yesiseko kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-100SiO 2 + (33.3 1 x) Na2O + zRO (R2O: okanye i-RO 2), buyisela inxalenye ye-N azO kunye ne-CaO, i-MgO, i-Al2O 3, i-TiO 2, i-zRO 2, i-BaO kunye nezinye i-oxides. kwakhona, umyalelo wokuxhathisa amanzi kunye nokumelana ne-asidi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.
Ukumelana namanzi: ZrO 2> Al2O: > TiO 2> ZnO≥MgO>CaO≥BaO.
Ukuxhathisa kweAcid: ZrO 2>Al2O: >ZnO>CaO>TiO 2>MgO≥BaO.
Ekubunjweni kweglasi, i-ZrO 2 ayinayo kuphela ukuxhatshazwa kwamanzi kunye nokuchasana kwe-asidi, kodwa kunye nokuchasana kwe-alkali, kodwa i-refractory. I-BaO ayilunganga.
Kwi-trivalent oxide, i-alumina, i-boron oxide ekuzinzeni kweekhemikhali zeglasi nayo iya kuvela into ethi "boron anomaly". 6. Kwi-sodium - i-calcium - i-silicon - iglasi yetyuwa xN agO·y CaO·z SiO:, ukuba umxholo we-oxide uhambelana nobudlelwane (2-1), iglasi ezinzileyo ingafumaneka.
C – 3 (+ y) (2-1)
Isishwankathelo, zonke ii-oksidi ezinokomeleza inethiwekhi yesakhiwo seglasi kwaye zenze ulwakhiwo luzaliseke kwaye luxinene lunokuphucula ukuzinza kweekhemikhali zeglasi. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuzinza kweekhemikhali zeglasi kuya kuncitshiswa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Epreli-23-2020