Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko yokwenza amabhodlela engilazi
Izinto ezahlukahlukene ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa iqoqo lengilazi zibizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa engilazi. Iqoqo lengilazi lokukhiqizwa kwezimboni liyingxube yezingxenye ezijwayelekile eziyi-7 kuye kweziyi-12. Kuye ngenani kanye nokusetshenziswa kwazo, zingahlukaniswa zibe izinto eziyinhloko zengilazi nezesekeli.
Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko ibhekisela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe lapho kufakwa khona ama-oxide ahlukahlukene engilazini, njengesihlabathi se-quartz, i-sandstone, i-limestone, i-feldspar, i-soda ash, i-boric acid, i-lead compound, i-bismuth compound, njll., ingilazi ngemva kokuchithwa.
Izinto ezisizayo ziyizinto ezinikeza ingilazi inqubo yokuncibilika ebalulekile noma esheshayo. Asetshenziswa ngamanani amancane, kodwa asebenza kakhulu. Angahlukaniswa ama-clarifying agents kanye nama-coloring agents kuye ngendima abayidlalayo.
I-Decolorizer, i-opacifier, i-oxidant, i-flux.
Izinto zokusetshenziswa zengilazi ziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kodwa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisizayo ngokuya ngemisebenzi yazo. Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zakha umzimba omkhulu wengilazi futhi zinquma izici eziyinhloko ezibonakalayo namakhemikhali zengilazi. Izinto ezisizayo zinikeza izici ezikhethekile engilazini futhi zilethe lula inqubo yokukhiqiza.
1, izinto zokusetshenziswa main of glass
(1) Isihlabathi se-silica noma i-borax: Ingxenye eyinhloko yesihlabathi se-silica noma i-borax eyethulwa engilazini i-silica noma i-boron oxide, engancibilikiswa ngokuhlukana ibe indikimba yengilazi ngesikhathi sokusha, enquma izici eziyinhloko zengilazi, ngokuhambisanayo ebizwa ngokuthi ingilazi ye-silicate. noma i-boron. Ingilazi kasawoti ene-Acid.
(2) Isoda noma usawoti we-Glauber: Ingxenye eyinhloko yesoda kanye ne- thenardite engeniswe engilazini i-sodium oxide. Ekubaleni, bakha usawoti ophindwe kabili one-asidi efana ne-silica sand, esebenza njenge-flux futhi yenza ingilazi yakheke kalula. Kodwa-ke, uma okuqukethwe kukuningi kakhulu, izinga lokunweba okushisayo kwengilazi lizokhula futhi amandla okubamba azokwehla.
(3) I-limestone, i-dolomite, i-feldspar, njll.: Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-limestone eyethulwa engilazini i-calcium oxide, ethuthukisa ukuqina kwamakhemikhali namandla emishini yengilazi, kodwa okuqukethwe ngokweqile kwenza ingilazi icwebezelise futhi inciphise ukumelana nokushisa.
Njengempahla eluhlaza yokwethula i-magnesium oxide, i-dolomite ingakhuphula ukucaca kwengilazi, inciphise ukunwebeka okushisayo, futhi ithuthukise ukumelana namanzi.
I-Feldspar isetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokwethulwa kwe-alumina, elawula izinga lokushisa elincibilikayo futhi ithuthukisa ukuqina. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-feldspar ingaphinde inikeze izingxenye ze-potassium oxide ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zokunweba ezishisayo zengilazi.
(4) Ingilazi ephukile: Ngokuvamile, akuzona zonke izinto ezintsha ezisetshenziswayo ekwenzeni ingilazi, kodwa ingilazi ephukile engu-15% -30% ihlanganisiwe.
2, ingilazi izinto asizayo
(1) I-ejenti yokukhipha umbala: ukungcola okusetshenzwa, njenge-iron oxide, kuzoletha umbala engilazini. Isoda evame ukusetshenziswa, i-sodium carbonate, i-cobalt oxide, i-nickel oxide, njll. isetshenziswa njengama-ejenti okususa umbala, aveza imibala ehambisanayo kumbala wangempela engilazini. Ingilazi iba engenambala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kune-ejenti yokunciphisa umbala ekwazi ukwenza inhlanganisela yombala okhanyayo nokungcola okunemibala, njenge-sodium carbonate engafakwa i-oxidized nge-iron oxide ukuze yakhe i-ferric oxide, ukuze ingilazi ishintshe isuka eluhlaza ibe phuzi.
(2) Imibala: Amanye ama-oxide ensimbi angancibilika ngokuqondile kusixazululo sengilazi ukuze kufakwe umbala engilazini. Uma i-iron oxide yenza ingilazi ibe phuzi noma ibe luhlaza, i-manganese oxide ingabonakala insomi, i-cobalt oxide ingabonakala iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-nickel oxide ingabonakala insundu, futhi i-oxide yethusi ne-chromium oxide ingabonakala iluhlaza.
(3) I-ejenti ecacisayo: I-ejenti ecacisayo inganciphisa i-viscosity yengilazi encibilike, ukuze amabhamuza akhiqizwe ukusabela kwamakhemikhali akwazi ukuphunyuka kalula futhi acacise. Ama-clarifying agents asetshenziswa kakhulu wushoki, i-sodium sulfate, i-sodium nitrate, usawoti we-ammonium, i-manganese dioxide nokunye okunjalo.
(4) I-Opacifier: I-opacifier ingakwazi ukushintsha ingilazi ibe umzimba okhanyayo omhlophe oyi-milky. Ama-opacifiers asetshenziswa kakhulu yi-cryolite, i-sodium fluorosilicate, i-tin phosphide, nokunye okunjalo. Ziyakwazi ukwenza izinhlayiya ezingu-0.1 - 1.0 μm ezilenga engilazini ukuze zenze ingilazi ivuleke.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-22-2019