Umlando weziphuzo ezidakayo umdala njengempucuko, futhi uhambisana nokuvela okuthakazelisayo kwebhodlela lotshwala. Kusukela ezitsheni zobumba zasendulo kuya emiklamo yengilazi yesimanje, lezi zitsha zisebenza njengesitoreji futhi zibonisa isiko nobuchwepheshe besikhathi sabo. Lesi sihloko sidingida umsuka, ukubaluleka komlando, nokuvela kwamabhodlela otshwala amadala kakhulu, sinikeza imininingwane ngendima yawo ekulolongeni umlando wesintu. Kulabo abathanda ukuhlola imiklamo yesimanje, ukuvela kwe-ibhodlela lotshwalaiyaqhubeka nokuheha abaqoqi kanye nabashisekayo ngokufanayo.
Okuqukethwe:
1) Umsuka Wamabhodlela Otshwala
2) Izinguquko Zenkathi Ephakathi Nezokuvuselela
3) INguquko Yezimboni kanye Nangaphandle
4) Isiphetho
Umsuka Wamabhodlela Otshwala
Uhambo lwamabhodlela otshwala luqala ngeziqukathi zakudala ezaziwayo ezazisetshenziselwa ukugcina iziphuzo ezibilisiwe. Ubufakazi bemivubukulo bubonisa ukuthi izimbiza zobumba zangemva kuka-7 000 BCE zazisetshenziswa eChina lasendulo ukuze kugcinwe iwayini elayisi. Lezi zimbiza, ezivame ukuvalwa ngezinto zemvelo, zaphawula ukuqala kobuhlakani bomuntu ekulondolozeni nasekuhambiseni utshwala. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izinto zokwakha kanye nemiklamo yalezi zitsha kwashintsha, kuthonywa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko kotshwala emiphakathini eyahlukene.
Izitsha Zobumba Nezobumba
EMesophothamiya naseGibhithe lasendulo, izitsha zobumba nezitsha zobumba zazisetshenziswa kakhulu ukugcina ubhiya newayini. Lezi zitsha zakuqala zazivame ukuhlotshiswa ngamaphethini nemibhalo eyinkimbinkimbi, ebonisa ukubaluleka kotshwala emicikilishweni yezenkolo neyomphakathi. Ukusetshenziswa kobumba nezitsha zobumba kwaqhubeka amakhulu eminyaka, kanye nezinto ezintsha ezinjengokucwebezela kweqhwa kuthuthukisa ukuqina kwazo namandla okuvala.
Ukufika Kwengilazi
Ukusungulwa kwengilazi cishe ngo-1,500 BCE eMesopotamiya kwaphawula ingqopha-mlando ebalulekile emlandweni wamabhodlela otshwala. Izitsha zengilazi zakuqala zazincane futhi ngokuyinhloko zisetshenziselwa iziqholo namafutha, kodwa ngesikhathi samaRoma, amasu okuqhunyiswa kwengilazi ayevunyelwe ukukhiqizwa kwezitsha ezinkulu ezifanele ukugcina iwayini. Amabhodlela engilazi aseRoma, avame ukuhlotshiswe ngemiklamo yobuciko, aba uphawu lwengcebo nobunkimbinkimbi.
I-Medieval and Renaissance Innovations
Phakathi nenkathi ephakathi, ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodlela otshwala kwabona intuthuko enkulu eYurophu. Ukwethulwa kwengilazi eluhlaza okumnyama kanye nensundu, eyayinikeza isivikelo esingcono ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kwaduma endaweni yokugcina iwayini. NgeRenaissance, ubuciko bokwenza ingilazi bachuma eVenice, ikakhulukazi esiqhingini saseMurano, lapho izingcweti zakha amabhodlela amahle, asebenzayo, nahlobisa.
Iqhaza Lamasu Okubeka uphawu
Izindlela zokuvala uphawu nazo zavela phakathi nalesi sikhathi, izivalo zikakhokho zaba indlela ethandwayo yokugcina izinga lewayini. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhodlela engilazi nokhokho kwaguqula ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa kotshwala, kwavula indlela yemboni yesimanje yewayini. Ukuze uthole ukuqonda okujulile kwezinto ezisetshenziswa emabhodleleni esimanje, hlolaizinto zebhodlela zotshwalaetholakalayo namuhla.
I-Industrial Revolution nangaphezulu
I-Industrial Revolution yaletha izinguquko eziphawulekayo ekukhiqizeni amabhodlela otshwala. Ukusungulwa komshini wokwenza amabhodlela othomathikhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kwenza amabhodlela engilazi angabizi kakhulu futhi afinyeleleke kalula. Lesi sikhathi siphinde sabona ukumiswa kwamabhodlela nosayizi, okubhekelela isidingo esikhulayo sophuzo oludakayo olukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Amabhodlela Engilazi Esimanje
Namuhla, ingilazi isalokhu iyimpahla ekhethwayo yamabhodlela otshwala ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ukuphinda isetshenziswe, kanye nekhono lokulondoloza ukunambitheka kweziphuzo. Imiklamo yesimanje isukela ku-minimalist futhi iyasebenza kuye kokuningiliziwe kanye nokunethezeka, ebonisa izintandokazi ezihlukahlukene zabathengi. Izinkampani ezifanaINTUTHUqhubeka nokusungula, unikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngezifiso zemikhiqizo emhlabeni jikelele.
Isiphetho
Umlando wamabhodlela otshwala uwubufakazi bokusungula komuntu nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Kusukela ezitsheni zobumba zasendulo kuya emisebenzini yesimanje yengilazi yobuciko, lezi zitsha ziye zafeza indima ebalulekile ekukhiqizeni, ekugcinweni nasekujabuleleni uphuzo oludakayo. Njengoba sibheka ikusasa, ukuvela kwe-ibhodlela lotshwalangokungangabazeki izoqhubeka nokubonisa okuthandwayo okuguquguqukayo namagugu omphakathi. Noma ngabe ungumqoqi, isazi-mlando, noma umshisekeli nje, indaba yala mabhodlela inikeza umbono othakazelisayo empambanweni yamasiko, ubuchwepheshe, nesiko.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-27-2024